The mighty Incan Empire of South America flourished between 1200 and
1535 AD. They developed drainage systems and canals to expand their
crops, and built stone cities atop steep mountains — such as
Machu Picchu
(above) — without ever inventing the wheel. Despite their vast
achievements, the Incan Empire with its 40,000 manned army was no match
for 180 Spanish conquistadors armed with advanced weapons and smallpox.
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